All differences asked in examinations of Basic Electronics and Applied Electronics

All differences asked in examinations of Basic Electronics and Applied Electronics

            

1.     Voltage amplifier and power amplifier

2.      General amplifier and tuned amplifier

3.      Single tuned and double tuned amplifier

4.      Amplifier coupling techniques

5.      Class A, Class B, Class AB and Class C power amplifier

6.      Positive feedback and negative feedback

7.      Oscillator and amplifier

8.      Miller integrator and Bootstrap sweep generator

9.      Current series feedback and current shunt feedback

10.  Voltage series feedback and current series feedback

11.  RC phase shift oscillator and crystal oscillator

12.  Common base, common emitter and common collector configurations

13.  BJT and FET

            14.   half and full wave rectifier difference 

            15. Ordinary PN junction diode and  Zener diode

1.     Comparison of Voltage amplifier and power amplifier

S. N.	Parameter	Small signal amplifiers /voltage amplifiers	Large signal amplifiers /power amplifiers
1	Type of transistor used	Ordinary transistor	Power transistor
2	Type of coupling used	RC coupling	Transformer coupling
3	Beta (β)	High (greater than 100)	Low (20-50)
4	Collector resistor (Rc)	High (4kΩ to 10kΩ)	Low (5 to 20Ω)
5	Output impedance	High (~12kΩ)	Low (~200Ω)
6	Input voltage	Low (few mV)	High (2 to 4V)
7	Collector current (Ic)	Low (~ 1mA)	High (greater than 100mA)
8	Signal distortion	Low	High
9	Cost	Low	High
10	Size	Small	Bulky
11	Applications	As pre-amplifiers	Audio amplifiers, PA systems

 

2.     Comparison of General amplifier and tuned amplifier

Parameter	General amplifiers	Tuned amplifiers
working principal	Amplify overall frequency	Amplify specific frequency
Load used	Resistive load is used	Tank circuit is used as load (before speaker)
Types	RC coupled, Transformer coupled, Direct coupled, power amplifiers	single tuned, double tuned, staggered tuned
Applications	Public address system, audio amplifier, power amplifier	TV receiver, radio receiver

 

3.     Comparison of Single tuned and double tuned amplifier

Parameter	Single tuned amplifier	Double tuned amplifier
Operating principal	Parallel resonance	Parallel resonance
Selectivity	Very High	Moderate
Efficiency	High	Low
Bandwidth	Small	Moderate
Q-factor	High	High
Number of tank circuit	One	Two
Application	TRF receiver, TV receiver	IF amplifier in Radio receiver, TV receiver
Frequency response	Please Refer Figure	Please Refer Figure

 

4.     Comparison of Amplifier coupling techniques

Parameter	RC coupling	Transformer coupling	Direct coupling
Type of coupling used	RC coupling	Transformer	Direct
Frequency response	Excellent	Poor	Best
Cost	Less	More	Very less
Space and weight	Less	More	Very less
Impedance matching	Poor	Excellent	Good
Gain	Less overall voltage gain	High voltage gain	Uniform voltage gain upto certain frequencies
Application	Voltage amplifier, audio amplifier in prior stage	Power amplifier, last stage of audio amplifier	Low frequencies applications

 

 

5.     Comparison of Class A, Class B, Class AB and Class C power amplifier

 

Parameter	Class A	Class B	Class AB	Class C
Position of Q point on load line	Q point is at the centre of load line.	On X axis	Just above X axis.	Below X axis.
efficiency	lowest efficiency 25% to 50%	Above 78.5%	Between 50 to 78.5%	Above 95%
Conduction Angle	Conducts for (3600) full cycle of input signal	(1800) half cycle of input signal.	Greater than 1800 and less than 3600	Less than 1800 of input signal.
Crossover Distortion	No	More than class A	Low	More than A,B and AB
Power dissipation	Very high	Low	Moderate	Very low
O/P	100%	50%	Between 50 to 100%	Less than 50%
O/P waveform	Refer figure	Refer figure	Refer figure	Refer figure
Application	Outdoor musical system	Audio power amplifiers	RF amplifier	Audio power amplifier

 

 

6.     Comparison of Positive feedback and Negative feedback:

S. N.	Parameter	Positive feedback	Negative Feedback
1.	Total Phase shift in circuit	0◦ or 360◦	180◦
2	Feedback and input signal	In-phase	Out-of-phase
3	Input voltage	Increases	Decreases
4	Output voltage	Increases	Decreases
5	Voltage gain	Increases	Decreases
6	Output impedance	Increases	Decreases
7	Noise	Increases	Decreases
8	Bandwidth	Decreases	Increases
9	fidelity	Decreases	Increases
10	Stability	Decreases	Increases
11	Input impedance	Decreases	Increases
12	Amplitude distortion	More	less
13	Harmonic distortion	More	Less
14	Phase distortion	More	Less
15	Application	Oscillators	Amplifiers

 

 7.     Comparison of oscillator and amplifier

S. N.	Parameter	Oscillator	Amplifier
1	Feedback	Positive	Negative
2	Total phase shift	3600	1800
3	External signal	Not needed	Needed
4	Importance	To signal frequency and shape	Amplification
5	Function	Generate signal	Amplify signal
6	Applications	RADAR, TV and radio receivers, signal generators	Audio amplifier, signal amplifiers

 

 8.     Comparison of oscillator and amplifier

S. N.	Miller Integrator	Bootstrap sweep generator
1	It is an integrator used to convert input step waveform into ramp waveform.	In Bootstrap time base generator a constant current is obtained by maintaining nearly constant voltage across fixed resistor in series with capacitor
2	In Miller sweep polarity of sweep voltage is negative.	In Bootstrap polarity of sweep voltage is positive
3	The inverting amplifier is used in this circuit	The non-inverting amplifier is used in this circuit
4	Open circuit gain of the amplifier is infinite	Open circuit gain of the amplifier is unity
5	The Linearity of sweep voltage is better than Bootstrap sweep circuit	The linearity of sweep voltage is poor than Miller integrator

 

 

9.     Comparison of current series and current shunt feedback

S. N.	Parameter	Current series feedback	Current shunt feedback
1	Voltage gain	Decreases	Decreases
2	Bandwidth	Increases	Increases
3	Harmonic distortion	Decreases	Decreases
4	Noise	Decreases	Decreases
5	Input resistance	Increases	Decreases
6	Output resistance	Increases	Increases

 

 10.     Comparison of voltage series and current series feedback

S. N.	Parameters	Voltage series feedback	Current series feedback
1	Voltage gain	Decreases	Decreases
2	Output resistance	Decreases	Increases
3	Input resistance	Increases	Increases
4	Harmonic distortion	Decreases	Decreases

 

11.      Comparison of voltage RC phase shift and crystal oscillator

S. N.	Parameters	RC phase shift oscillator	Crystal oscillator
1	Frequency range	Low frequency range	Radio frequency range
2	Components	Capacitors and resistors	Quartz crystal
3	Stability	Less	More
4	Efficiency	Less	More

 

12.    Comparison of CB, CE and CC configurations

S. N.	Parameter	CB configuration	CE configuration	CC configuration
1	Input Resistance	Low (about 50 Ω)	Medium (1 KΩ)	High (300 KΩ)
2	Output Resistance	High (1 MΩ)	Medium (50 KΩ)	Low (300 Ω)
3	Current Gain	Less than one (α= IC/IE)	High (β=IC/IB)	Very high (ϒ=IE/IB)
4	Voltage Gain	High (VBC/VBE)	High (VCE/VBE)	Less than one (VCE/VBC)
5	Common Terminal	Base	Emitter	Collector
6	Application	High frequency Application	Audio frequency application	Impedance matching applications

 

13.      Comparison of BJT and FET

S.N.	Parameter	BJT	JFET
1.	Control Parameter	Current controlled	Voltage controlled
2.	Voltage Gain	High	Low
3.	Current Gain	Low	High
4.	Input Impedance	Low	Very high
5.	Output impedance	Low	High
6.	Noise	More	Less
7.	Switching Time	Slow	Fast
8.	Size	More	Less
9.	Cost	Cheap	Expensive
10.	Biasing	Easy	Difficult

 14. half and full wave rectifier difference

S. N.	Particulars	Half wave rectifier	Full wave rectifier
			Center tapped rectifier	Bridge rectifier
1	No. of diodes used	1	2	4
2	Center tapped transformer	Not required	Required	Not required
3	Efficiency	40.6%	81.2%	81.2%
4	Form factor (FF)	1.57	1.11	1.11
5	Ripple factor	1.21	0.48	0.48
6	Output frequency	Fin	2Fin	2Fin
7	Peak inverse voltage (PIV)	Vm	2Vm	Vm
8	Transformer utilization factor (TUF)	0.287	0.693	0.812
9	Cost	Less	High	Moderate
10	Applications	Systems operates on low output	Battery charger, DC power supplies

15. Difference between ordinary PN junction diode and Zener diode

S.N.	Parameter	PN junction diode	Zener diode
1	Symbol
2	Doping Level	Low	High
3	Conducts in	Only one direction	In both direction
4	Normally used in	Forward bias	Reverse bias
5	Sharp breakdown	No	Yes